Openssl rsa -in privkey.pem -passin pass:foobar -pubout -out privkey. (This expects the encrypted private key on standard input - you can instead read it from a file using -in ).Įxample of creating a 3072-bit private and public key pair in files, with the private key pair encrypted with password foobar: openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout pass:foobar -out privkey.pem 3072 To then obtain the matching public key, you need to use openssl rsa, supplying the same passphrase with the -passin parameter as was used to encrypt the private key: openssl rsa -passin file:passphrase.txt -pubout An open source application that encrypts passwords in a storage database. Creates 20 character passwords (SHA-256 hash). You can also used a named pipe with the file: option, or a file descriptor. SS64 Extra Strong Password Generator - javascript password generator that creates passwords for several popular websites in one step + a custom option for others. Or supply the passphrase on standard input: openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout stdin 3072 However, note that this passphrase could be grabbed by any other process running on the machine at the time, since command-line arguments are generally visible to all processes.Ī better alternative is to write the passphrase into a temporary file that is protected with file permissions, and specify that: openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout file:passphrase.txt 3072 You can generate a keypair, supplying the password on the command-line using an invocation like (in this case, the password is foobar): openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout pass:foobar 3072 It amounts to 22*log(256)/log(2)=176 bits of entropy.If you don't use a passphrase, then the private key is not encrypted with any symmetric cipher - it is output completely unprotected. Since there are 256 possible values for a byte, the resulting invalidly formatted base64 string of 30 characters long is supposed to have 256^22 possible values because it encodes only the first 22 bytes. $ LC_ALL=C cmp test_base64_cut_decoded test_base64_decoded_cut If you want to use the command-line examples in this guide. Use openssl command to generate a number of pseudo-random bytes, perform base64 encoding and truncate the result to a specified number of characters as it will be padded. $ LC_ALL=C base64 -d test_base64_decoded_cut The gcloud compute reset-windows-password command allows a user with write. $ LC_ALL=C base64 -d test_base64_cut_decoded This conclusion can be verified as follows. When a sequence of 32 bytes is encoded into base64 and the resulting string is truncated to 30 characters, the remaining string encodes only the first 22 bytes of the original byte sequence, so about 10 bytes are lost. Base64 encodes the input bytes sequentially. On the command line, enter: pgp -gen-key user ID -key-type key type -bits bits -passphrase passphrase NOTE: Any information that contains spaces must be contained inside quotation marks. I also suggest an improvement to the OP's command below.Ģ56 possible values of a byte are mapped to 64 possible base64 values, so that is why the base64-encoded string is longer. Generate A Key Pair To create a key pair using PGP Command Line follow these steps: Open a command shell or DOS prompt. The utility allows you to specify the number of entropy bits that are used to generate the password. The pwmake is a command-line tool for generating random passwords that consist of all four groups of characters uppercase, lowercase, digits and special characters. But I still decided to share my investigation in case someone has a similar doubt. Another way to create a password yourself is using a password generator. Not much of it is lost, however, for practical purposes. But it did not address that a sequence of 32 bytes is 45 characters long in base64 and, when it is cut to 30 characters, some randomness is lost. The mask length indicates the number of high-order bits of the client IP address. The other answer is correct that the encoding to base64 does not introduce bias. A record can be continued onto the next line by ending the line with a.
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